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Abstract
Reliance on God (Tawakkul), Delegation of Affairs to God (Tafwīḍ), Contentment with Divine Decree (Riḍā), and Submission (Taslīm) are pivotal concepts in the Qur’anic teachings and Islamic mysticism, all referring to the believer’s heartfelt trust in God and acceptance of His divine will. The present study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of these four concepts and the interrelations among them, employing a systematic review of the relevant sources. Adopting a qualitative content analysis and discourse analysis approach, the research examined Qur’anic texts and the works of Muslim mystics, alongside scholarly studies from the past three decades in Persian, Arabic, and English. The findings reveal that each concept possesses its own distinct meaning, yet in the path of spiritual wayfaring they are deeply interconnected, forming successive stages of faith and surrender. Together, these four ethical and epistemic principles lead the believer to a state in which, while striving and fulfilling duties, one detaches the heart from all but God and wholeheartedly accepts the Divine will with complete satisfaction. By elucidating the commonalities and distinctions among Tawakkul, Tafwīḍ, Riḍā, and Taslim, this study highlights their role in deepening faith and cultivating inner tranquility, underscoring their significance within the Islamic moral framework.
Reliance on God (Tawakkul), Delegation of Affairs to God (Tafwīḍ), Contentment with Divine Decree (Riḍā), and Submission (Taslīm) are pivotal concepts in the Qur’anic teachings and Islamic mysticism, all referring to the believer’s heartfelt trust in God and acceptance of His divine will. The present study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of these four concepts and the interrelations among them, employing a systematic review of the relevant sources. Adopting a qualitative content analysis and discourse analysis approach, the research examined Qur’anic texts and the works of Muslim mystics, alongside scholarly studies from the past three decades in Persian, Arabic, and English. The findings reveal that each concept possesses its own distinct meaning, yet in the path of spiritual wayfaring they are deeply interconnected, forming successive stages of faith and surrender. Together, these four ethical and epistemic principles lead the believer to a state in which, while striving and fulfilling duties, one detaches the heart from all but God and wholeheartedly accepts the Divine will with complete satisfaction. By elucidating the commonalities and distinctions among Tawakkul, Tafwīḍ, Riḍā, and Taslim, this study highlights their role in deepening faith and cultivating inner tranquility, underscoring their significance within the Islamic moral framework.
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